What principle is at the core of freedom of religion?

The principle at the core of freedom of religion is the separation of church and state. This concept ensures that the government remains neutral in religious matters and does not favor or endorse any particular religion over others. It protects individuals' rights to practice their faith freely, without interference from the government.

The foundation of this principle can be traced back to the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, which prohibits Congress from establishing a religion (the Establishment Clause) and guarantees individuals the freedom to exercise their religion (the Free Exercise Clause). This dual protection is crucial in maintaining a pluralistic society where diverse religious beliefs can coexist without conflict or coercion from governmental authority.

Other options, such as freedom of speech, the right to assemble, and search and seizure protections, while important civil liberties, do not specifically pertain to the governance of religious practice or the protection of individuals' rights to worship. Their relevance lies in different areas of rights protection rather than the fundamental principle of religious freedom.