What is the main purpose of the 1st Amendment?

The main purpose of the 1st Amendment is to protect freedoms of expression. This amendment encompasses several essential rights, including the freedom of speech, press, assembly, religion, and the right to petition the government. By ensuring these freedoms, the 1st Amendment promotes a democratic society where individuals can voice their opinions, criticize the government, and express their beliefs without fear of repression.

In the context of the other choices, limiting government powers is a broader concept that encompasses various amendments, while ensuring the right to bear arms pertains specifically to the 2nd Amendment. Establishing legal procedures relates to the rights of individuals in judicial contexts, covered by other amendments such as the 5th and 6th. Thus, the 1st Amendment distinctly and explicitly safeguards the core components of individual expression and the facilitation of a vibrant public discourse.