What happens to powers not specifically given to the federal government?

The correct answer highlights the principle established by the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution, which states that powers not delegated to the federal government nor prohibited to the states are reserved for the states or the people. This amendment emphasizes the distribution of power and the intention of the framers to limit the reach of the federal government, thereby empowering state governments and individuals.

The Constitution delineates specific powers to the federal government, and any powers not explicitly mentioned are naturally left to the states or the people. This creates a system of federalism where both levels of government have defined roles and responsibilities, ensuring that states can exercise authority in areas not addressed by federal legislation. By reserving these powers, the framers aimed to protect against an overreach of federal authority and uphold the principle of decentralized governance.