What does the Seventh Amendment preserve?

The Seventh Amendment preserves the right to a jury trial in civil cases. This amendment was ratified as part of the Bill of Rights in 1791 and reflects the Founding Fathers' commitment to the idea that legal disputes, particularly those involving civil matters such as contracts and property disputes, should be resolved by a jury of one’s peers. This right ensures that individuals have a fair trial process wherein factual determinations are made by citizens rather than solely by judges.

This amendment specifically addresses civil cases, distinguishing it from the criminal justice protections outlined in other parts of the Bill of Rights. The right to a jury in civil cases is significant because it serves as a check against potential government overreach and promotes the involvement of the community in the judicial process.