What does the First Amendment guarantee concerning the press?

The First Amendment to the United States Constitution guarantees that Congress shall make no law abridging the freedom of the press, which includes the right to publish information without government interference. This protection allows journalists and media organizations to report on issues, challenge government actions, and address societal concerns without fear of censorship or punishment. This principle is vital for a functioning democracy, as it ensures that the public has access to diverse viewpoints and critical information necessary for informed citizenship.

Other options relate to different rights protected by the First Amendment or other amendments. The right to fair trials pertains to due process under the Sixth Amendment, the right to bear arms is covered by the Second Amendment, and the right to peaceful assembly is also protected under the First Amendment but distinct from press freedoms. Thus, the correct answer focuses specifically on the protection of the press against governmental restraint.