How is "freedom of religion" defined in the First Amendment?

The definition of "freedom of religion" in the First Amendment encompasses two fundamental principles: the free exercise of religion and the prohibition against the establishment of religion. This dual protection ensures that individuals have the right to practice their religion as they see fit, without interference or coercion from the government, while also preventing the government from favoring one religion over another or establishing a state religion.

This understanding aligns with Supreme Court interpretations that emphasize the separation of church and state, safeguarding both individual rights to worship freely and the broader principle of religious pluralism. The protection extends to all individuals, regardless of whether they belong to mainstream or minority faiths, ensuring that no one is discriminated against based on their religious beliefs.

The other options do not accurately reflect the comprehensive nature of the First Amendment. Establishing a state religion contradicts the essence of religious freedom, as outlined in the Constitution. Limiting protection only to major religious institutions overlooks the rights of smaller or less recognized faiths. Granting complete freedom from all religious activities would misinterpret the amendment, as it is meant to secure the right to practice religion rather than to eliminate all aspects of religious expression in society.