How does the Fifth Amendment protect individuals against self-incrimination?

The Fifth Amendment safeguards individuals against self-incrimination by establishing that no person "shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself." This means that individuals have the right to remain silent and are not obligated to provide testimony that could potentially incriminate themselves in a criminal proceeding. This protection ensures that individuals cannot be forced to confess to crimes or provide evidence that may lead to their conviction, thus promoting the principle of fairness in the judicial system. It embodies the belief that it is better for the guilty to go free than for the innocent to be wrongly convicted based on coerced testimony.

In the context of the other choices, while denying charges or limiting evidence may relate to legal rights, they do not directly address the specific protection against self-incrimination that the Fifth Amendment provides. Additionally, while legal representation is a critical aspect of due process, it is not a direct component of protecting individuals from self-incrimination.